Stalin and Mao
the two men were not just similar to each other, but competed in terms of sophisticated sadism with which they dealt not only with political opponents, but not perechinsky them by the people.
Sometimes Mao surpassed Stalin’s. In the Soviet Union, loyal to the CPSU party members were accused of “Trotskyism”. But Trotsky, at least existed and was a real opponent of Stalin.
Mao could come up with anti-party enemy of the community “from scratch and turnkey”. So it was in the early 1930s (long before the founding of the people’s Republic of) with the fictional group “AB-of Tuana”. The prosecution, in cooperation with the never existing organization cost the lives of many comrades-in-arms of Mao Zedong.
In 1949, when, after the victory over the Kuomintang, Mao proclaimed the formation of the PRC, all of the reforms the young Chinese state was conducted on the patterns of the Soviet Union, and Stalin himself and the Soviet Union had a serious impact on the people’s Republic of China and its leader.
To China were sent to the Soviet experts, who helped implement large-scale industrial projects. The USSR was built in China more than 100 major companies in the defense, relentlessly supplied the latest weapons divisions of Mao.
China has become a key market for the Soviet Union. Beijing was agricultural and household appliances, machinery, all the heavy industry of the USSR.
But in March 1953 Stalin died
In the USSR folded repression. At the twentieth party Congress the new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev was exposed by the cult of personality of Stalin, the Chinese clone which was comrade Mao Zedong who gave Joseph Vissarionovich serious handicap on the part of bloody experiments on its own people.
Attempts to “parallel processes of liberalization” in China, where all took the example of the Soviet Union, came Mao Zedong side.
Recklessly proclaiming the thesis: “Let a hundred flowers bloom!”, which meant the freedom of expression, coexistence of a hundred different points of view, Mao could not imagine that this “liberalization” will cause a storm of criticism of his authoritarian style of rule by the Communist party of China.
Giving the opportunity to all dissenters, Mao realized the error and created a campaign whose aim was “the extermination of right-wing deviationists”. In the machine of repression was abandoned about 520 thousand people hastening to speak against his policies.
Khrushchev was watching its Chinese partner, which on the background of stagnation of the economy was having delusions. Proclaiming a program of “Three red banners” or “Great leap forward”, Mao drove the country into poverty. He declared war on the “pests” — flies, mosquitoes, rats and sparrows. The latter were exterminated in China almost completely. Khrushchev knew that in the West sit even less close ideologically, but, at least, quite sane people.
Nikita was pressing the issue of “peaceful coexistence” of the Soviet and capitalist ideologies, what finally stopped like Mao. Chinese leader must have overlooked that immediately after the war, of peaceful coexistence spoke and his favorite Stalin (not located at the time of nuclear weapons and had in addition to talking about the world no real alternative to dialogue with the United States, which had the bomb).
However, when nuclear weapons appeared in the Soviet Union, the threat of nuclear war was much more real. The policy of “peaceful coexistence” has become even more inevitable for all parties wishing to preserve the planet.
Mao was depressed by this development. And declared a policy of the Soviet Union “revisionist” (undermining the foundations of Marxism). Say, since 1956, the Soviet Union again dominated by imperialism. Supporters of the policy of Nikita Khrushchev, the Communist party of China was repressed.
When the Soviet Union to resolve the “Cuban crisis” that ended with a discharge of relations between the USSR and the USA, in the “right” China didn’t know where to go from sweeping the country of hunger, but was straining to become a leader among the socialist countries. And even tried to teach Soviet country, engaging in inappropriate moralizing and trying to play in mentoring.
In the USSR, China always looked ironic on Junior (not grown out of short pants) brother, trying to be “adult”. This caused the Chinese outright rejection, which gradually matured in order to result in armed conflict.
Khrushchev’s Attention was concentrated not so much on a potentially possible conflict with the West (they managed to negotiate), and in the East. There leader is catastrophically huge and distress of the people had to find a scapegoat for the ills of Chinese society. Mao oppressed the understanding that the sparrows, flies and rats to shift the blame will not succeed.
To the Soviet border with China massed weapons and the grouping of our troops. Fingers danced on the trigger and constructed a railway that connects the Soviet Union and China were now empty.
China (with his then-unpredictability, non-stop working of the repressive machine and a set of frankly stupid decisions of the leadership) aggressively claimed the status of nuclear power. Mao demanded Soviet assistance in the development of weapons. But in the Soviet Union (given current situation) understood: a nuclear bomb in the “hour X” may collapse in the Kremlin, where, from the point of view of Mao, he sat upon the revisionists.
Humiliated China is engaged in what is usually involved in the country-losers — conversion lands. Mao talked about the fact that in the jurisdiction of the Soviet Union was lost during the wars and revolutions of the territory at the border on the Amur and Ussuri. Years later, in March of 1969, the land claims of the PRC resulted in a famous conflict on Damansky island.
was a “sore spot” — Mongolia!
This country came under Chinese control even under the tsars, in 1911. The actual protectorate over Mongolia was always carried out by Russia. And, again, Mongolia, the Soviet Union to concede to China certainly did not intend.
Land claims from a starving China was not only the Soviet Union but also of India, where a friendly visit in the midst of the Indochina conflict came Khrushchev, which caused a nervous reaction of Mao, completely enraged at the moment when economic help of the Soviet Union, India has become much more than aid to China.
After the “exchange of courtesies” and accusations of “revisionism” and “dogmatism”
of the Soviet Union in the face of Nikita Khrushchev, realizing the significance of the disagreement, withdrew from China, all Soviet specialists, stating that the responsibility for this step lies entirely with the leader of the CCP. From the Soviet Union in the 60s left the Chinese officers, who were trained in military schools. Mao left “tete-a-tete” with them, pose in front of the Communist party of China as “the only true follower of Marxism”.
Trade between the USSR and China were reduced to an absolute minimum. It was a serious blow to the external economy of the Soviet country. We have lost a huge market.
After the “dear Leonid Ilyich” have replaced on a fighting post, Nikita, the relationship between China and the Soviet Union not only not improved but even worsened. Look at this!
This is a poster of “Down with Soviet revisionism!”. It was released in China. The inscription on it contain curses against the “dog heads” of Brezhnev and Kosygin. No comment.
a Gradual normalization of relations between two warring countries, one of which described the situation as “the great war with the Soviet Union” began under Andropov. And in 1989, Mikhail Gorbachev, made a friendly visit to China, where the leg of the Soviet leader set foot for almost 30 years. Since then, times have changed. Blame the Soviet Union of revisionism China has become the sewing shop “the damned West”. And sovmestitelthe business is a global forge new deadly viruses.
This story.