Another 05/02/20 Why the Russian Emperor Constantine I abdicated
the Official abdication of the monarch from the throne, called the scientific term abdicate, occasionally, but it happens in a particular Kingdom. Sometimes the abandonment of authority happens on the good will of the ruler, but sometimes the decision to push the insurmountable external circumstances.
Last, among the currently reigning monarchs, the desire to live the life of an ordinary citizen have expressed the king of Malaysia Muhammad V, who on 6 January 2019 signed the letter with the appropriate application. .
Legislative background of the abdication
In the second Chapter of the code of the Fundamental State Laws of the Russian Empire among the items, which regulated the order of succession, were two of article 37 and 38, relating to the abdication. The first gave the heir the right to renounce the throne in case of his legitimate successor, and the second was that the abdication takes effect after its promulgation and is not retroactive. In addition to article 199 of the same Arch, the parents were assigned the right to decide for their children.
And although, to implement the rights set out in article 37, the crown Prince, not yet adopted the Royal title, was to Express a voluntary desire in the early twentieth century, this document became the basis for the forced abdication of the Emperor already ruled. And 199 article allowed the ruler to abdicate on behalf of his minor heir.
Constantine I
the cause of the first in the history of the Russian monarchy by the voluntary abdication proclaimed, but never assumed the dominion of the Emperor of Russia, Konstantin Pavlovich, was love.
Not wishing to harness the political game and be at risk of being strangled as a father, Konstantin Pavlovich, becoming in 1801 heir to the throne after his older brother Alexander I in 1823 year referred to a secret marriage with polka Jeanette Grudziński and in writing renounced the succession.
Classified document was clothed in the form of the Manifesto of Alexander I, who had to make public after the Emperor’s death, which happened in November 1825. After reviewing the act, state officials learned that the will of the deceased the next ruler of the Russian state should become not Constantine, and his younger brother Nicholas.
members of the state Council, and Nikolai, afraid to fulfill the posthumous the will of Alexander I, contrary to the document and swore allegiance were in Warsaw Constantine I, who learning of this, demanded to comply with the will of the deceased brother, and in addition, twice confirmed his abdication.
took advantage of Confusion Decembrists on the day following the official accession of Nicholas tried to stage a coup, the formal reason of which was proclaimed to protect the rights of crown Prince Constantine.
Nicholas II
Other reasons to sign the abdication of the Romanov Emperor Nicholas II, with the stroke of his pen put an end to the Russian monarchy.
This is a historic event took place on 2 March 1917 in the train “Mogilev – the Tsar’s Village”, who when all attempts to resolve the situation in the country after the February revolution, Nicholas II, not wanting the shedding of blood, under obvious pressure of deputies and military commanders took the decision to leave the throne.
First, the Emperor sent General N. Ruza official papers, in which he assured representatives of the State Duma, which leaves the Royal post in favor of his son Alexei, but after a few hours from it came a second document, known in history called the abdication.
In this final version, Nicholas II abdicated for himself and his successor, handing over power to his younger brother Mikhail Romanov, who the next day announced his resignation.
the British monarchy
Only in the history of the British monarchy the abdication occurred at the end of 1936, when 42-year-old king Edward VIII voluntarily gave up the power to combine the possibility of legal marriage with the woman.
Setting a record short stay on the British throne, Edward VIII, who ruled only 327 days, by the time of accession was not married but was romantically involved with the married American woman Wallis Simpson.
Problems the king began after his lover got my hands on the divorce papers, and he desired to marry her, despite the fact that the Anglican Church forbade its adherents the marriage of divorced persons.
Against the overseas love of Edward VIII in favor of politicians from all over the vast British Empire, and to it remained nothing how to make a final choice between the throne and Simpson.
Signed on 10 December 1936 notice of abdication signed by his three younger brothers, 11 Dec Edward made an official broadcast to the nation, which contained words that he does not wish to rule without the support and assistance of the woman.
After the act of Parliament, the official announcement of the Royal will and approval of all members of the British Commonwealth, the instrument entered into force.
the next day Edward left London, and several months later married Simpson and lived together for 36 happy years.
Dutch monarch
the Dutch Royal family over the last century was an interesting tradition of a voluntary lifetime transfer of the duties of the ruler.
First abdication in favor of the successor to the throne has signed who ruled for 58 years, Queen Wilhelmina. In her mother’s footsteps and went to Queen Julianna, who, not wanting to remain in power until his deathbed, handed his credentials to Queen Beatrix.
However, Beatrix, speaking on 28 January 2013 on national television, in some way violated this custom, making a statement that the day of the Queen she officially will sign a decree of abdication from the throne in favor of his son Willem-Alexander.
although with the ascension to the throne of the king was broken 120 years of women’s rule in the Netherlands, likely to be the next ruler of the country will once again wear the title of Queen, because all children Willem-Alexander of the girl.
the Japanese monarchy
throughout the long history of the Japanese monarchy, the origins of which in the VII century, from the throne, in total, declined about 60 rulers, received the official title Daize Tenno. However, in the XIX century it was decided to abolish this title, which impaired the ability of the Emperor to abdicate the throne.
But in 2017, the Japanese Parliament passed a law according to which the current elderly ruler Akihito as an exception was allowed for three years to voluntarily transfer all power to his successor — Prince of Naruhito.
Ashkhen Avanesova
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