History 11/02/20 commons.wikimedia.orderedness Atlantis who lived on the site of the Aral sea
Historical discovery was made in 2000 in the Kazakh part once one of the Aral sea. According to the stories of scientists, the ruins of the first settlement saw the inhabitants of the village Karateren engaged in hunting near the island Barsakelmes, which is located approximately 300 km North-West of the city of Kyzylorda.
by the Way, the name of the island translates from the Kazakh language is very scary “‘ll not return.” The hunters told about the seen representatives of local government, and in 2001 we began excavations, which were attended by the staff of the Kyzylorda state University and other scientific institutions.
Discovered the city archaeologists called “Aral-Asar,” which means “the Aral trail.” Area the settlement occupied about 6 hectares and pottery found here dates from the XIV century. Near the mound were two mausoleums, which subsequently received the name “Kerderi I” and “Kerderi II”.
“for the First time being in this place, we couldn’t believe our eyes. Imagine: at the bottom, strewn with white salt could be seen the outlines of the ancient city, clearly distinguished from the remains of mausoleums and necropolises. A first even jokingly said that Kazakhstan found the lost Atlantis,” – said the head of the Department for conservation and archaeological documentation of the Institute of archaeology named after A. Kh. Margulan of the Ministry of education and science of Kazakhstan Dmitriy Voyakin.
I Wonder what the inhabitants of the village Karateren rumor has it that saw at least another two similar settlements, previously hidden by the waters of the Aral sea. That is, it is possible that we are talking about a culture previously unknown to scientists.
judging by the found instruments of agricultural production and millstone, it turns out that the inhabitants of the Aral-Asarand mostly engaged in agriculture. They grew rice and milled it into flour. This is surprising because previously it was thought that in XIII-XIV centuries Central Asia was inhabited by mainly nomadic pastoralists. However, the huge warehouses and around the city of rice plantation with a typical irrigation system say that local farmers could be supplying flour for export along the silk road.
Director of the Institute of archaeology named after A. Kh. Margulan, Karl Baipakov noted that the ancient city was built the capital. This meant that people were not planning to leave this place for a long time. In the center was a residential building, which on one side abuts the industrial zone, and the necropolis with mausoleums.
scientists maintain that the Aral-Asar was inhabited by the descendants of the Oguz and the Kipchaks. The first are the probable ancestors of the Azerbaijani Turks and the Turkmens, and the second participated in the ethnogenesis of modern Kazakhs, Bashkirs, Karachay and some other people.
according to graves, the inhabitants of the Aral-Asar professed Islam. But found in one of the crypts gold earrings in the form of bars, biting its own tail, indicate that the population was still strong traditions of paganism.
Researchers believe that in the early thirteenth century, Mongol invaders destroyed the irrigation system in the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, after which the sea almost completely dried up. To this land came the people began to grow rice. But then nature has recovered, the river carried its waters to the sea. The farmers had to leave their homes to relocate.
Although it is possible that the shallowing of the sea has nothing to do with the activities of the Mongol invaders, and happens periodically for natural reasons.
the journalist of the newspaper “Kyzylorda news”, Kazybek Botev, in the article “Discovering the secrets of the Aral sea” (dated 5 December 2017) noted that recent studies conducted by researchers in the dried bottom of the Aral sea, support the hypothesis of the founder of Kazakhstan school of archaeology Alkey Margulan (1904-1985 gg.). The academician suggested that in ancient times in this territory there was a developed culture containing about 40 cities and settlements.
At the time the scientific world was skeptical of the idea of A. H. Margulan, because then among historians was dominated by the theory of the irreconcilable enmity that existed between the nomadic pastoralists and settled cultivators. It was thought that in the middle Ages the Aral sea was a bare steppe, because of the warlike tribes of breeders for its regular attacks are just not allowed to develop there agricultural culture.
“currently Kazakhstan scientists completely refute a pre-existing opinion on the separate existence of the cultures of the nomads and the people who have moved to a settled way of life at an early stage of development of society. Close communication between the nomads and residents of cities contributed to the formation of some steppe culture. It proves a variety of everyday objects, found during excavations of the ancient settlement Aral-Asar,” wrote Kazybek Botev, referring to the opinion of the scientific employee of a state institution for protection of monuments of history and culture of Kyzylorda region Erkebulan Eleuova.
the Fact that the Aral sea was periodically filled with water or dry up, you can see even by the works of Greek scientists. For example, the famous historian Herodotus (484-425 BC) claimed that the Caspian sea and the Aral sea are a single body of water. Perhaps in its time it was. But the Byzantine author of the VI century Menander Protector in his essay “History” told more about the sea, but of a system of lakes, on the banks of which was located the whole city.
More gold archaeologists, as you know, appreciate the broken pots. The ancient settlement Aral-Asar is a great material for research, which is still in progress. Here scientists found a variety of ceramic tiles, grinding stones, remnants of a brick plant, copper coins, various domestic utensils, jewelry, etc.
Professor of the Kyzylorda statetion of the University Ablay (Ablai) of Aydosov noticed that the Foundation of the mausoleum “Kerderi” was built of stone slabs and was a very solid construction, and the walls of the building were made of baked bricks. Moreover, their thickness is over a meter. The facade of the medieval builders was decorated with glazed tiles, and the entrance to the mausoleum housed the inscriptions in Golden letters in the Arabic language.
analysis of the burials revealed that among the inhabitants of the Aral-Asar was a marked social stratification, burial of aristocrats easily distinguished by massive tombstones and General decoration.
it is Noteworthy that in the mausoleum, someone from the farmers hid a big jug with tools resembling modern axes. As suggested by the researchers, the man was hoping to use them after I do the water and he will return to his native land, but his plans were never realized.
Origanum Tanatarova
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